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lb_leeThis is a huge monster sourcedump of nonfiction citations that helped us understand the history, cultural context, and limitations of the concept of plurality, or which we want other plurals to know about. Some of these citations are plural, others are pluralish, and still others aren't plural by ANY definition. Some describe profoundly negative experiences or are made by very shitty people. That said, all have been useful, and citations like this are sparse on the ground. By massing them all here and keeping this list updated, we hope that it'll give a pool for others to work from. (And we hope other folks leave their own helpful citations in the comments!)
This list is not complete. It became so huge that I got overwhelmed, so this is what I have right now. (And I'll probably disappear again for a while online, because I'm not up to dealing with other folks adding their own citations in the comments, even though I really WANT them to.)
Due to the number of sources, any sort of dividing into groups is doomed to failure, so we have listed them alphabetically by creator last name. Sorry. Some of the things covered: medical multiplicity of "the West" (MPD, DID, dual consciousness, hysterical dissociation, trauma and dissocation) including backlash against it (the Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome; empowered multiples, natural multiples, endogenic multiples), various forms of spirit marriage and possession, soulbonding.
(n.d.) 209 Area Code BBSes Through History (80’s Version). Retrieved from http://bbslist.textfiles.com/209/oldschool.html Holds record of Maxie's Toy, a multi-friendly BBS from 1992.
(n.d.) 760 Area Code BBSes Throughout History. Retrieved from http://bbslist.textfiles.com/760/ Holds record of Mars Station, the first multi-friendly BBS I know of, active in 1991.
(n.d.) 804 Area Code BBSes Through History. Retrieved from http://bbslist.textfiles.com/804/ Holds record of Fire Chat, a multi-friendly BBS that was around from 1992-1994.
(n.d.) AltArchive Plural Section. Retrieved from https://www.zotero.org/groups/4956615/altarchive/collections/AKUUMJM7 Part of a giant alterhuman archive in progress
Adams, Fionna. (2022). We Could Be Something More. Retrieved from https://www.fionnaadams.com/we_could_be_something_more/ "an interactive story about how one person discovers they're far more than one. also about trauma, online community, and godfeels."
Adams, Monni. (1982). Designs for Living. Cambridge: Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts in cooperation with the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Can be retrieved online from https://archive.org/details/designsforliving00adam/mode/2up. Briefly mentions spirit marriage and spirit possession for the Baule, Ibibio, and Yoruba peoples of Cote D'Ivoire and Nigeria.
Allen, Denna and Janet Midwinter. (1990). Michelle Remembers: The Debunking of a Myth. http://xeper.org/pub/lib/xp_lib_wh_DebunkingOfAMyth.htm Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20040511131253/http://xeper.org/pub/lib/xp_lib_wh_DebunkingOfAMyth.htm About the book that helped kick-off the Memory Wars.
Alt.support.dissociation (1994-present) alt.support.dissociation [Newsgroup archive] Retrieved from https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/alt.support.dissociation Old Usenet group for dissociatives, still technically active today (though much slowed down).
American Society of Psychical Research. Proceedings of the American Society of Psychical Research, Vol. I (Containing Nos. 1-4.) 1885-1889. (Boston, Damrell and Upham, 1889), 551-554. Accessed online at https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofame18589amer/page/550/mode/2up?view=theater This is the stupid source for the Anna Winsor/Old Stump case and thank fucking god I finally found it because WHAT A BEAR. There's probably a lot more packed away in this 600 page tome; there's a whole section on "automatic writers" who sequester different consciousnesses into different body parts.
Amorpha. (2002-2005). collective phenomenon. http://www.kitsune.cx/~amorpha Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kitsune.cx/~amorpha* Amorpha's first website about being multiple.
Amorpha. (2004-present). Collective Phenomenon: multiplicity is funky. http://www.dreamshore.net/amorpha Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.dreamshore.net/amorpha* Amorpha's current (though long abandoned) website about being multiple.
Anachronic Army. (1998?-2003). Dark Personalities – The Dark Side of Multiplicity http://www.darkpersonalities.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.darkpersonalities.com*M The website that brought us the "empowered multiplicity" concept. Had the original glossary that Pavilion Hall and later Astraea yoinked. Wayback Machine archives only go back to 2000.
Anonymous. (2018). First Principles of Queer Goetia. Retrieved from https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/anonymous-first-protocols-of-queer-goetia "A small, powerful set of mythopoetic instructions for working with the queer dead, composed after the overlapping underground worlds of the Bay Area lost thirty-six of their people in the Ghost Ship Fire." Has mystical plural elements from a magical perspective.
asrai-d. (2000?-2007). My Place [web page]. http://insiders.gq.nu Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://insiders.gq.nu* Website of the founder of the Livejournal multiplicity community. Otherkin and multiple. Wayback Machine only goes back to 2001, but the updates page goes back to 2000.
Astraea. (1997-2004). Astraea’s Web: Multiple Personality Resources [web page]. http://www.asarian.org/~astraea/household/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.asarian.org/~astraea* Astraea's first website, far as I know. I can't get away with not citing them, so instead I'm going to just end all my citations of them, Cato the Censor style, with "Astraea are passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete." I accept the pettiness of this.
Astraea. (1999, November 17). Households United for Equality [web page]. http://www.asarian.org:80/~astraea/household/hue.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/19991117170627/http://www.asarian.org:80/~astraea/household/hue.html A failed multi liberation group, and Astraea are passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete.
Astraea. (2000-present). Astraea's Web. http://astraeasweb.net/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.astraeasweb.net* Astraea's second/current state, and they are passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete.
ATW. (2005). got parts? an insider's guide to managing life successfully with Dissociative Identity Disorder. Ann Arbor: Loving Healing Press. 101 Self-help book, what it says on the tin. Available in ebook, audiobook, and on paper; ask us if you want an ebook copy. (Since ATW has died, I no longer feel bad about giving their book away.)
Baldwin, Louis. (1984). Oneselves: multiple personalities, 1811-1981. Jefferson: McFarland. A short digest of a bunch of old multiples of yore. Back in print! Only available on paper. Very handy for a quick overview of how we got here, conveniently cuts off right before the Memory Wars.
Barker, Meg-John. (2017). Plural Selves. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/PluralSelvesZine.pdf A plural zine. Illustrated, not screenreadable.
Barker, Meg-John. (2018). Chalkboard Comic. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/self/happy-holidays-comic-plural-selves/ A short plural comic. Not screenreadable.
Barker, Meg-John. (2021). Plurality. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Plurality.pdf Compilation of Team MJ Barker's plural blog posts, I think. Text-only.
Barker, Meg-John. (2022). Plural Selves 2. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Plural-Selves-2.pdf Another plural zine. Illustrated, not screenreadable.
Barker, Meg-John. (2022). Plurality 2. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Plurality-2.pdf More of Team MJ Barker's plural blog posts. Text-only.
Barnes, Jey. (2019). Benefits of Having an Imaginary Friend. Available for sale at https://jobsatisfactioncomic.storenvy.com/products/29075434-imaginary-friends-mini-zine Tiny one-page zine, exactly what it sounds like.
Bayne, Timothy. (2002). Moral Status and the Treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 87–105 Retrieved from http://healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Info/MoralStatusandIntegration.PDF Academic article about how gee, maybe forcibly removing headmates from existence could be considered morally questionable. I got permission from Bayne to rehost it.
Blackbirds. (2003?-present). The Layman's Guide to Multiplicity. http://karitas.net Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://karitas.net* A multiplicity 101 brochure from back in the day, created for Pavilion Hall.
Bourne, Ansel. (1858). Wonderful Works of God: A Narrative of the Wonderful Facts in the Case of Ansel Bourne of Westerly, Rhode Island, Who, In The Midst of Opposition to the Christian Religion Was Suddenly Struck Blind, Dumb, and Deaf, and After Eighteen Days Was Suddenly and Completely Restored In the Presence of Hundreds of Persons, in the Christian Chapel At Westerly, on the 15th of November, 1857. Irvington, N.J: Moses Cummings, Office of the Christian Messenger. Retrieved from https://archive.org/details/wonderfulworksof00anse Ansel Bourne used to be one of the most famous multis of the 1800s. This is his account from before his fugue episode.
Brandsma, Jeffrey M., and Arnold M. Ludwig. (1974). A case of multiple personality: Diagnosis and therapy. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. Pirated from Sci-Hub. The Jonah case, one of the rare studies of a black male multiple from a medical perspective. (MPD didn't exist as a diagnosis yet, but as it did, that's roughly when it became a "white female thing." And it was already a "white thing" before this.)
Brozan, Nadine. (1989). The Real ‘Eve’ Sues to Film the Rest of Her Story. New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/07/movies/the-real-eve-sues-to-film-the-rest-of-her-story.html Covers Chris Costner Sizemore (AKA "Three Faces of Eve" lady) fighting for the rights to her own life story.
Calof, David L. (1998). Notes from a practice under siege: Harassment, defamation, and intimidation in the name of science. Ethics and Behavior, 8(2) pp. 161-187. Discusses tactics of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation, thus part of the Memory Wars. Ask me if you want a digital copy.
Carlson, Nathan. (2009). "Reviving Witiko (Windigo): An Ethnohistory of 'Cannibal Monsters' in the Athabasca District of Northern Alberta, 1878–1910" Ethnohistory (2009) 56 (3): 355–394. Retrieved from https://read.dukeupress.edu/ethnohistory/article/56/3/355/8822/Reviving-Witiko-Windigo-An-Ethnohistory-of Mentions Algonquian spirit possession in the most negative way and the racism inherent in folks who insist such phenomenae don't exist unless a white person observes it.
Casey, Joan Frances. (1991). The Flock: the Autobiography of a Multiple Personality. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Books. MPD memoir. Less abuse-heavy than others, but totally unaware of the intensely codependent and unhealthy "reparenting" relationship between therapist and multiple.
Chase, the Troops for Truddi. (1987). When Rabbit Howls. New York: Jove Books. MPD memoir, helped spread the idea that becoming singlet was not required for a happy life (but didn't invent the idea).
Cheit, Ross E. (2010-2020). Recovered Memory Project [website]. Retrieved from https://blogs.brown.edu/recoveredmemory/ Part of the Memory Wars history.
Cheit, Ross E. (2014). The Witch-Hunt Narrative: Politics, Psychology, and the Sexual Abuse of Children. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Simultaneously the driest, most depressing book I have ever bought, but helps explain some of the Memory Wars stuff.
Clell, Madison. (1996-2002). Cuckoo. For sale at https://madisonclell.com/cuckood-i-d/; ebooks can be pirated via library genesis, which is the only way you can read Issue #1 now, I think. Autobio comics about having MPD, ranging from serious and grim to goofy. First print comic I know of by and about a medical multiple.
Consortium. (2001-2003). The Disenchanted Forest. http://disenchantedforest.com Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/03/22 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://disenchantedforest.com* Website of the empowered multiple who originally created the Multiples' Code. Uses "plural" and "multiple" interchangeably.
the Courts. (1999-2005). The Two Courts. http://twocourts.8k.com Internet Archive. Retrieved 3/5/2023 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://twocourts.8k.com* First website of the Courts, who were part of Pavilion Hall, created Not Ashamed For Existing and the In Essence Pledge. Were sorta declarations you could sign as system agreements? The former never made much of a splash; the latter stuck around a bit. Wayback Machine only goes back to 2001, but the updates pages goes back to 1999. May have been Blackbirds under a different name?
the Courts. (2002-2004). The Two Courts. http://www.kitsune.cx/courts Internet Archive. Retrieved 3/5/2023 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kitsune.cx/courts* Second website of the Courts. May have been the same as Blackbirds?
Craddock, Ida. (1895). Heavenly Bridegrooms. Retrieved from https://www.idacraddock.com/bridegrooms.html Christian spirit marriage. Craddock was harassed to suicide for being public about it and making sex ed materials.
Crisses. (n.d.) United Front Bundle [shop page]. Retrieved from https://leanpub.com/b/unitedfront
Crisses. (1999?-present). Kinhost.org: encouraging internal community. http://kinhost.org/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://kinhost.org* Crisses are otherkin plurals who've been around for a million years, created the United Front Boot Camp, and also host a plural wiki. Wayback Machine only goes back to 2001, but the updates page goes back to 1999.
Cutten, George. (1903 September). The Case of John Kinsel. I and II. The Psychological Review, Vol. X, No. 5., pg. 465-497 and 615-632. I don't even know how I found the PDFs; Sci-Hub maybe? Archive.org? Case study involving a college student who kept slipping in and out of trance states in college, which his fellows were aware of. They took to spanking him with books to try and get him to switch back, since it was causing him trouble in exams. Interesting mostly for discussing a disabled student being open about it and getting accommodations, even if they WERE frat boy style. Ask me if you want a copy.
Dallam, S.J. (2002). “Crisis or Creation: A systematic examination of false memory syndrome.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 9(3/4), 9/36. Retrieved from www.leadershipcouncil.org/1/res/dallam/6.html More Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome Foundation debunking. This was the one that made me realize, "wait, you mean the FMSF weren't totally above-board and legit?"
Dana, Charles L. (1894). The study of a case of amnesia or ‘double consciousness’. Psychological Review. Pirated from Sci-Hub. A case involving a man suffering brain damage and amnesia from a gas leak. This predates the codifying of "multiple/dual personality." Ask me if you want a copy.
DeBernardi, Jean. (2006). The Way That Lives in the Heart: Chinese Popular Religion and Spirit Mediums in Penang, Malaysia. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Haven't read it, can only salivate at the sidelines.
Deren, Maya. (1947-1951, 1981). Divine Horsemen: The Living Gods of Haiti [the film]. Documentary avante-garde film. A journey into the Vodou religion of Haiti, filmed by Maya Deren during 1947-1951 and edited posthumously by Teiji and Cherel Ito in 1981, focused primarily on religious song, dance, and possession. Someone uploaded it to archive.org!
Deren, Maya. (1953). Divine Horsemen: The Living Gods of Haiti [the book]. Norwich: Jerrold and Sons. Deren's book about Vodou, including her own experiences being possessed by the lwa Erzulie. Very accessible and down-to-earth, pretty easy to find.
Desired Constellation. (2010). Dyscalculia: the social math of multiplicity. Retrieved from http://healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Misc/DesiredConstellationDyscalculia.pdf A personal experience zine of various members of the Desired Constellation grappling with ableism and stigma, and describing their coming to selves-awareness in 2008.
Desmangles, Leslie. (1994). The Faces of the Gods: Vodou and Roman Catholicism in Haiti. Chapel Hill. University of North Carolina Press. Haitian Vodou spirit possession and its influence on Haitian history.
Dillon, Rax. (2022). Tower of the Wizard King. Retrieved from https://raxraxraxraxrax.itch.io/tower-of-the-wizard-king-a-zine Personal zine, experimental in format, about "plurality, differential consciousness, and a board game from 1993 that has been literally living in my head for almost thirty years."
Discord and Sapphire Gazelles. (1994, September 7). alt.support.dissociation FAQ 3/4 [Usenet message]. Retrieved 3/10/19 from https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.support.dissociation/syXW3KkhIZA/gM5TsFZmt2sJ The alt.support.dissociation FAQ, showing that ASD did hypothetically support multiples without traumatic backgrounds.
Discord and Sapphire Gazelles. (1995, May 14). alt.support.dissociation FAQ 3/4 [Usenet message]. Retrieved 3/10/19 from http://faqs.cs.uu.nl/na-dir/dissoc-faq/part3.html An updated form of the alt.support.dissociation FAQ, showing edits to the kind of multiples accepted or acknolwedged.
Dragonheart Collective. (2022?-present) Dragon's Roost. Retrieved from https://dragonsroost.neocities.org/ Lots of neat stuff.
ECHOLIST. (December 1995). ECHOLIST The EchoMail Conference List MASTER REPORT. Retrieved from http://www.textfiles.com/fidonet-on-the-internet/e1995/elist512.txt Record of the M_P_D and SIP_MPD BBSes for folks with MPD.
Eclective. (2001-2006). Welcome, traveller, to the gateway to the Holyland... http://childofmana.tripod.com/ Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/03/17 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://childofmana.tripod.com* First soulbonding site that I know of for Eclective, has the earliest citation I have for that community with do you believe in soulbonding at first sight? that's dated 1999.
Eclective [Riesz Fenrir]. (2001-2004). The Sword and Serpent Tavern. http://pub51.ezboard.com/btheswordandserpent Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://pub51.ezboard.com/btheswordandserpent A fandom and soulbonding forum.
Eclective. (2003-2004). Soul Whispers version 3.0. http://www.intoccabile.net/soulbond Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.intoccabile.net/soulbond* Eclective's soulbonding site, same as the tripod version. Includes glossary, essays, FAQ.
Eclectve. (2004). Soul Whispers version 3.0 http://www.yonicmafia.com/soulbond/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20050112192159/http://www.yonicmafia.com/soulbond/ Eclective's soulbonding site, same as the tripod version. Includes glossary, essays, FAQ.
Eclective. (2004?-present, though abandoned in 2004). soul whispers 3.0 http://soulbonding.tripod.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://soulbonding.tripod.com* Eclective's live soulbonding site, still referenced to this day despite being abandoned for roughly twenty years. Includes glossary, essays, FAQ. The home page is down, but side pages are still live.
Ellenberger, Henri F. (1970, 1994). The Discovery of the Unconscious: History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. London: Fontana Press. See Gmelin.
Emerson, Rick. (2022) Unmask Alice: LSD, satanic panic, and the imposter behind the world's most notorious diaries. Dallas: BenBella Books, Inc. This beastly Mormon hoax writer helped kick off the Satanic panic, which in turn helped fuel the Memory Wars in the USA. Thanks a lot, lady.
Emezi, Akwaeke. (2018). Freshwater. New York: Grove Press. Nigerian body-sharing from an Igbo ogbanje perspective, fictionalized autobiography prose. Emezi has said on Twitter that Freshwater is memoir. "It’s like ~5% fiction in the childhood parts of the book, and the rest is straight memoir from a spirit first perspective. The conversations between the selves were literally copy pasted from my journals. I let it move as fiction because it needed that mask as my debut, you know? I don’t believe it would have been published as nonfiction because it would have required acknowledging that indigenous realities aren’t myths."
Emezi, Akwaeke. (2021). Dear Senthuran. New York: Penguin Random House. Emezi states that they had to pretend Freshwater was fiction, feeling they couldn't publish it otherwise, and Dear Senthuran is them writing without that bending over backwards for marketability.
Encyclopedia Dramatica. (2006 March 3). Talk:Otakin [wiki page]. http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Talk:Otakin Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/04/30 from https://web.archive.org/web/20100426004714/http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Talk:Otakin A mockery page for what is now called fictionkin.
Encyclopedia Dramatica. (2008 August 26). Soulbonding [wiki page]. http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Soulbonding Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/04/30 from https://web.archive.org/web/20080826105532/http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Soulbonding A mockery page for soulbonders.
False Memory Syndrome Foundation. (n.d.) False Memory Syndrome Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.fmsfonline.org/ Memory Wars stuff. Their nonsense made being multi a lot harder for a certain generation. Someone is in the process of transcribing the entire archive of their newsletter to make it searchable; ask for private access.
Finkelhor, David and Williams, Linda Meyer, with Burns, Nanci. (1988). Nursery Crimes: Sexual Abuse in Day Care. Newbury Park: SAGE Publications. This book has a terrible title, but it also talks about "ritual abuse" as a loose umbrella term for at least three very different experiences, which ended up proving helpful for me understanding what its deal was (and what mine was). Also one of the rare places that even attempts to discuss the behavior of female sexual abusers.
First Person Plural. (2012?) First Person Plural Webring. http://hub.webring.org/hub/plural#1234 Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20120612031747/http://hub.webring.org/hub/plural#1234 Much-decayed old webring of non-survivor multiples.
Flournoy, Théodore (translator: Daniel B. Vermilye). (1900). From India to the Planet Mars. New York: Harper & Brothers. Early spirit medium multiple, very famous. Available on archive.org.
Franz, Shepherd Ivory. (1933). Persons, One and Three: A Study in Multiple Personalities. New York: Whittlesey house. Retrieved from https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015002704081&view=1up&seq=15 Story of “C. J. Poulting”/”John Charles Poultney” fugue case. Following a severe head injury in World War I, switched multiple times, leading to multiple stints in the British army, being mistaken for American and shipped back there, only to be taken in as the long-lost relative of Seventh Day Adventists, which he didn’t seem thrilled about. This article is boring, but credit where its due, Franz did his damnedest to piece together a very confused biography.
Freyd, Jennifer J. (1998) Science in the Memory Debate, Ethics &Behavior, 8:2, pg. 101-113. Retrieved online from http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb0802_1 Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome Foundation debunking.
GalaxySystem. (2015-2020). Today. Retrieved from https://tapas.io/series/TodayComic/info. A DID diary comic.
Georges, Rene and Houlberg, Marilyn. (1993). "My Double Mystic Marriages to Two Goddesses of Love: an Interview." Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou. Los Angeles: Fowler Museum at UCLA. Retrieved from http://healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Misc/Rene-MyDoubleMysticMarriagestoTwoGoddessesofLove.pdf. An interview with a Haitian man about his marriages to two lwa, Ezili Danto and Ezili Freya. I PDFized it for posterity.
Gil, Eliana. (1990). United We Stand: A Book for People With Multiple Personalities. Walnut Creek, CA: Launch Press.
Gilbert, J. A. (1902). X. New York Medical Record, pg. 207-11. A very old multiple personality case that I cannot find anywhere, but this is the citation, so it must exist somewhere. If you find it, tell me (AND GIVE IT TO ME I WANT IT)
Gilkey, Laura. (2001-2009). Welcome to ShiningHalf.com! http://www.shininghalf.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.shininghalf.com* Soulbonding site.
Gilkey, Laura. (2002). The Trinity [Fictionpress story]. Retrieved 2019/04/18 from https://www.fictionpress.com/s/735472/1/The-Trinity A soulbonding story, probably from 1998, which Gilkey said was somewhat based on herself and her main soulbond at the time. Might be useful as a romantic relationship data point.
Gil, Eliana. (1990). United We Stand. Rockville, MD: Launch Press. A super-brief simple explanation of MPD, appropriate for adults or older children; sorry for the crummy front cover scan, the dark cover confused the scanner.
Ginting, Silvana R.R. and Effendy, Elmeida. (2019). Post-Dissociative Trance Disorder: Traditional Culture of Nini Pagar from Tigabinanga. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Aug 30; 7(16): 2685–2687. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6876804/ Thanks, kinda_lost! Discusses a trance possession case in Indonesia.
Gmelin, E. (1791). Materialen fur die antbropologie (pp. 3-89). Tubingen, Germany: Cotta. (Also precised in H. Ellenberger, The discovery of the unconscious: The history and evolution of dynamic psychiatry). Describes a case of "exchanged personality," where a German woman would switch into a French woman at a gesture and had no contiguous memory, which predates Mary Reynolds, supposedly the "first" medical multiple.
Goettman, Greaves, and Koons. (1994). Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1791-1992: A Complete Bibliography. Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
Goodwin, J. (1987). Mary Reynolds: a post-traumatic reinterpretation of a classic case of multiple personality disorder. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3308663 Article about Mary Reynolds, the "first" multiple personality, arguing she had a traumatic background.
Grobe, Jonathan. (1994, August 28). Dissociation/Multiple Personalities Support Newsgroup Created [Newsgroup message]. Retrieved 3/13/2019 from https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.sexual.abuse.recovery/cxSSC9a9uto/M3RuliatW2MJ Notation of the creation of alt.support.dissociation.
Grove, Emma. (2022). The Third Person. Montreal: Drawn & Quarterly. 800-page comics memoir about a messed-up therapy relationship and being gatekept out of transitioning due to DID.
H., Ann. (1985-1986). Various poems. Speaking for Our Selves, Vol. 1, no. 4. Retrieved from https://transcribedcomicszines.dreamwidth.org/4048.html Eight short poems by someone with MPD, dealing with topics ranging from death, despair, and denial, to longing for connection and friendship.
Harris, Jonathan G. (1997 May 19). WITCH HUNT INFORMATION CENTER. http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/harris/witchhunt.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/19970519144556/http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/harris/witchhunt.html Memory Wars stuff.
Harvey, Ben. (2019). Origin of #pluralgang – protomagicalgirl on Hbomberguy [Youtube video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJgrpGHkSPQ The start of the #pluralgang tag on Twitter and elsewhere. Keeping this damn citation here because wow would it be hard to find later.
healthymultiplicity.com. (2010-present). Resource Index. Retrieved from https://healthymultiplicity.com/ It's our website that Zyfron's let us squat on all these years!
Hocking, Sandra. (1992). Living With Your Selves: a survival manual for people with multiple personalities. Rockville, MD: Launch Press. Retrieved from healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Info/Hocking_LivingWithYourSelves_OCR.pdf An early MPD self-help book. I wrote about its cultural context here.
Hocking, Sandra. (1994). Someone I Know Has Multiple Personalities. Rockville, MD: Launch Press. Retrieved from Retrieved from healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Info/Hocking-SomeoneIKnowHasMultiplePersonalities1994_OCR.pdf
Hock-Tong, Cheu. (1988). The Nine Emperor Gods: A Study of Chinese Spirit Medium Cults. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan. Spirit possession of overseas ethnic Chinese. Haven't read it, can only look longingly from the sidelines.
Hoffman, David H. (2015). REPORT TO THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION: INDEPENDENT REVIEW RELATING TO APA ETHICS GUIDELINES, NATIONAL SECURITY INTERROGATIONS, AND TORTURE. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/independent-review/revised-report.pdf Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome footnote that states Elizabeth Loftus avoided an ethics investigation by getting tipped off it was coming so she could resign and dodge the scandal.
H.O.P.E./HOPEorg. (1999-2003). Noble wallpaper of a coalition group for "alternatives" (pagans, queers, paranormal folks, plural folks, otherkin, etc.) that covered sketchy happenings. There were a lot of links over the years; we collated them and summarized the history here.
Hoult, Jennifer. (2005 & 2014). “Remembering Dangerously” & Hoult v. Hoult: The Myth of Repressed Memory that Elizabeth Loftus Created. Retrieved from http://www.rememberingdangerously.com More Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome debunkings, spoken from someone who Loftus screwed over.
House of Chimeras. (2021?-2022). House of Chimeras [website]. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/view/houseofchimeras/home?authuser=0 House of Chimeras' first website.
House of Chimeras. (2022-present). The Chimeras Library. Retrieved from https://houseofchimeras.neocities.org/ House of Chimeras' current website.
Howe et al. (2009). "Devotional Crossings: Sex Workers, Santisima Muerte, and Spiritual Solidarity in Guadalajara and San Francisco" Religion at the Corner of Bliss and Nirvana. Durham: Duke Universe Press. Briefly mentions lesbian spirit marriage between a sex worker and Santa Muerte. Ask if you want a digital copy missing the final page.
the Inmara Ktletaccete Fenumera. (2022). System's Out! Retrieved from https://sunspot.world/ "A story about plurality, consciousness, the fight to overcome physical dysphoria, and self advocacy in a world without assigned gender. Also, some good old fashioned wish fulfillment." This story is explicitly about the author system heavily fictionalized and put into a science fiction setting.
James, William. (1890). The Principles of Psychotherapy. New York: Henry Holt and Company. Retrieved from http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/James/Principles/prin10.htm Very old medical multiplicity stuff.
Kendall, Laurel. (1988). The Life and Hard Times of a Korean Shaman: Of Tales and the Telling of Tales. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Keyes, Daniel. (1981). The Minds of Billy Milligan. New York: Random House. Old MPD biography of a serial rapist. Unpleasant, but easy to throw at anyone claiming true multis never hurt anyone.
Kluft, Richard. (1988). The Phenomenology And Treatment Of Extremely Complex Multiple Personality Disorder. Dissociation, Vol. 1, No. 4. Retrieved from https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/1396/Diss_1_4_8_OCR_rev.pdf?sequence=4 Early citation of the "system of parts" terminology.
Lancers. (2002-2012). Lancers Hill. Retrieved from https://lancershill.livejournal.com/ Livejournal community for the Lancers, which was ostensibly Pavilion Hall's more activist, militant arm. Got folded into Pavilion Hall and quietly never mentioned again, so all other citations will lump them under "Pavilion Hall."
Lee, LB. (2017-2019). Cultiples: the complete series [ebook]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.itch.io/cultiples-tristan-greydesiree-hamm, can be pirated off archive.org or LibraryGenesis. My soul-crushing works on three transmasc plural cult leaders. One is in jail until 2030 for kidnapping, raping, and branding teenage girls he persuaded were really their roleplaying characters, one has a string of domestic violence charges and is forbidden to own firearms because of his violence, and the other's been accused of nonsexual abusive ageplay kink with minors. Our community, ladies and gentleman! This project crushed my soul, but I still feel like it needed to be done to document and explain the abusive tactics our own people use, often against us.
Lee, LB. (2019, March 13). Pavilion Hall and the Creation of the Term “Median” [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1005976.html
Lee, LB. (2019, April 18). Pluralwiki: Soulbonding (the Livejournal community) [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1020269.html
Lee, LB. (2019, July 21). Plural Wiki: Wondershocked [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1040137.html
Lee, LB. (2020, January 9). Where’s Amorpha’s Money, Astraea? [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1083069.html My citation for Astraea being a passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete
Left at London. (2019). "6 Feet." Available for purchase at https://leftatlondon.bandcamp.com/track/my-friends-are-kinda-strange-feat-chuck-sutton An autobiographical song about living with OSDD-1b.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Katherine Ketchum. (1991). Witness for the Defense: The Accused, the Eyewitness, and the Expert Who Puts Memory on Trial. New York: St. Martin’s Books. Memory Wars False Memory Syndrome stuff, written by one of the FMSF board who dodged an ethics investigation by conveniently resigning.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Melvin Guyer. (2002). Who Abused Jane Doe? The Hazards of the Single Case History: Part I. Retrieved from https://staff.washington.edu/eloftus/Articles/JaneDoe.htm Memory Wars False Memory Syndrome stuff, written by one of the FMSF board who dodged an ethics investigation by conveniently resigning.
the Lunastus Collective [not-your-fucking-pet]. (2014, August 7). Fellow plural people? [tumblr post]. Retrieved 2019/03/14 from http://not-your-fucking-pet.tumblr.com/post/94111819808/fellow-plural-people The earliest citation I have for what would become the endogenic/traumagenic slapfight. If you find an earlier citation, tell me, I freakin' want it.
the Lunastus Collective [not-your-fucking-pet]. (2014, August 8). Long ramble on terminology creation [tumblr post]. Retrieved 2019/03/14 from http://not-your-fucking-pet.tumblr.com/post/94222698873/long-ramble-on-terminology-creation The creation of the term "endogenic," made abstruse on purpose to avoid all pre-existing plural terminology to avoid spurious claims of cultural appropriation. It didn't work.
Lyn. (2000-present). soulbond. http://kurai.com/sb/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://kurai.com/sb* Lyn's soulbonding site, still technically live. Most well-known for the list of soulbonders, so a good hub site for more. Also worth noting is the announcement talking about soulbonding getting subsumed into multiplicity and how that left old-school soulbonders like Lyn out in the cold.
Mann, B. A. (2004). Iroquoian women: The gantowisas. New York: Peter Lang. (326-329) Discussions of Iroquois perceptions of the soul... or souls, rather. You can read the transcription Polyfrazzlemented sent us here: https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1094585.html#cutid1
Many Voices Press. (1989-2012). Many Voices: Words of Hope for Clients with MPD and Dissociative Disorders. Retrieved from https://manyvoicespress.org/backissues-pdf/ All the Many Voices back issues. Sadly not screenreadable. Of especial note is the 1993 Oct. Sex and Relationships issue, which mentions MPD in-head romance and sexual relationships.
Many Voices Press. (1993). Mending Ourselves: Expressions of healing & self-integration. Cincinnati: Many Voices Press. A collection of essays, poetry, and art shared by over fifty readers of Many Voices, an international newsletter for people healing from MPD and trauma-related dissociative disorders, mostly focused on personal experiences of the recovery progress and integration. Sadly lacking in the hard practical details I wanted, but it exists.
Marshall, Alan. (1993). People in Pieces: Multiple Personality in Milder Forms & Greater Numbers. Highland City, FL: Rainbow Books. Medical medianhood kinda deal, discussing a form of what would later be known as DDNOS/OSDD.
Mary Nardini Gang. (2018). Be Gay Do Crime! Retrieved from https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/mary-nardini-gang-be-gay-do-crime Positive this work shared at least one writer as the Queer Protocols of Goetia. Plural undertones of channeling, trance possession, and queer anarchist animism.
McGuire, Danielle L. (2010). At the Dark End of the Street: Black Women, Rape, and Resistance—a New History of the Civil Rights Movement from Rosa Parks to the Rise of Black Power. New York: Vintage Books. Look, you can't understand the modern American conception of MPD/DID without discussing an American history of rape and incest, and you can't understand American rape and incest without discussing slavery and racism. This was the book that made me go, "wait, if everyone insists that medical multiplicity is caused by trauma, especially sexual... and we have a VERY well-known population who experienced it... why is medical multiplicity treated as a white thing? Either there's a shitload of black multiples who are going unrecognized, or being identified as something else, or medical multiplicity isn't as bound to sexual trauma as we act."
Mitchell, S. Weir (1889). Mary Reynolds: A Case of Double Consciousness. Philadelphia: Wm. J. Dornan. Retrieved from https://memory.loc.gov/service/gdc/scd0001/2012/20120723003ma/20120723003ma.pdf Mary Reynolds is called the "first" multiple personality, when as far as I can tell, she's really more like the first famous medicalized case. She was very, very famous for a long time. Now, of course, she isn't considered multiple at all, but a "conversion disorder" case instead.
Multiplicity (2000-2016). Multiplicity Livejournal community. Retrieved from https://multiplicity.livejournal.com/ Mirrored and backed up at https://multiplicity-archives.dreamwidth.org/ Still technically live, though inactive.
narcissam. (2006, October 22). "Severus, come to me/ Be the light for me/ So I can see/ Life's beauty/ Guide me to destiny." [Fandom Wank Journalfen post] http://www.journalfen.net/community/fandom_wank/1015949.html Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/04/18 from https://web.archive.org/web/20071213013651/http://www.journalfen.net/community/fandom_wank/1015949.html An infamous post devoted to mocking the Snapewives, a mix of spirit marriage, fiction-based religion, and soulbonding. I have very prim academic articles that cite the Snapewives, which will never not be surreal to me.
Neocities. (n.d.) Neocities - Sites tagged plurality. Retrieved from https://neocities.org/browse?sort_by=followers&tag=plurality All the neocities pages tagged with plurality. Have fun!
Neon Crypt System. (2022). Dining Alone Together. Retrieved from https://cohost.org/neon-crypt-system/post/343516-dining-alone-togethe Slice of life comic made to describe the creators' experience of being many, depicted alongside the process of making a meal together.
Neon Crypt System. (2023). Lost & Found Again. Retrieved from https://cohost.org/neon-crypt-system/post/768689-lost-found-again A comic about playing hide and seek with a younger headmate across inner worlds. Uses color in an interesting way to show what layer of reality folks are on.
Newman, Donna Joy (1973, June 23). Tempo: ‘I led five lives’ – the incredible story of Henry Hawksworth.’ Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1977/06/23/page/15/article/tempo That link seems to be down; ask me for a copy. Not screenreadable. Story involving Hawksworth, who was a violent rapist who then got out of legal consequences by claiming he was singlet now and the headmates who caused legal problems no longer existed.
Nichole. (2005, December 4). The SoulBonding Database [web page]. http://illvision.net/sbdata/data.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20051224195837/http://illvision.net/sbdata/data.html A database of soulbonding experiences. That link is now down, but someone on Reddit uploaded chunks of it here. Information is all in the comments; ignore the top thread, though, it's unrelated and unpleasant.
Nguyen, Xuan. (2021). "Divination, Art Creation, and Schizophrenia." Retrieved from https://monsteringmag.com/magazine/divination-art-creation-and-schizophrenia-a-personal-essay-on-craft A personal essay on divination, being a poet-prose writer, and consensus reality with schizophrenia, DID, and physical disability caused by medication.
Olafson, Edna. (2014). A Review and Correction of the Errors in Loftus and Guyer on Jane Doe. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 29 (18) pg. 3245-3259. Pirated from Sci-Hub. More Memory Wars False Memory Syndrome debunking.
Packbat. (2021?) Driftself. Retrieved from https://packbat.itch.io/driftself A plural kinetic essay, a venting of complicated feelings about race springing from being both black and white.
Pavilion Hall. (2002-2015). Livejournal Profile Page. Retrieved 2019/03/10 from https://pavilionhall.livejournal.com/profile Livejournal community for an attempted plural coalition activist group uniting multiples, soulbonders, and medians. Their biggest contributions to anything were coining median (which in itself was ripping off Vicki(s)' "midcontinuum", which they seemed mostly interested in stomping on) and the creation of the Layman's Guide to Multiplicity.
Pavilion Hall. (2002-2004). tanuki's prizewinning d3th k01. http://www.tanuki.cx Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tanuki.cx* Original website for the attempted plural coalition group Pavilion Hall. The only place you can find any of the original Codex. I won't try explaining it because I never understood it.
Pavilion Hall. (2004-present). Pavilion: new and improved. Retrieved 2020/08/30 from http://www.karitas.net/pavilion/ See also the Wayback Machine archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20040922023453/http://www.karitas.net/pavilion/ Live source for Pavilion Hall, the attempted plural coalition group.
Phillips, Jane. (1995). The Magic Daughter. New York?: Viking. A memoir about living with MPD, dealing with concerns like learning linear time, cyclothymia, severe food allergies, gender issues, trust, integration, and multiplicity caused by things OTHER than sexual abuse. Not as well known, but quite good!
Phoenix. (2002, December 13). Medians [web page]. http://www.kitsune.cx/~amaliel/median.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20021213014352/http://www.kitsune.cx/~amaliel/median.html A median page, helping to popularize the new term.
Plumer, William S. (1860). Mary Reynolds: A case of double consciousness. Harper’s Magazine. Retrieved from https://harpers.org/archive/1860/05/mary-reynolds/ More about Mary Reynolds, the "first" multiple personality. (AKA: the first well-known medical case.)
pluralstories. (2022-present). Pluralstories. Retrieved from https://pluralstories.dreamwidth.org A big catalog of multi media and bodysharing stories. Submit your favorites!
Plures House. (2008-present). Ex Uno Plures. Retrieved from https://www.exunoplures.org/main/ Essays and articles about plurality, including racism in plurality and in-system romantic relationships.
Prince, Morton. (1908). The Dissociation of a Personality: A Biographical Study in Abnormal Psychology. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. Available on archive.org. Contains the first medical multi autobiography amongst its pages.
Rhymershouse. (2020). Intersections. Retrieved from https://paragraphiti.dreamwidth.org/51832.html A poem about the intersections between plurality and blindness.
The Rings System. (n.d.) Supportive Scientific Research. Retrieved from https://theringssystem.wordpress.com/research/ Personal collection of supportive scientific research of plurality and multiplicity.
Rogo, D. Scott. (1987). The Infinite Boundary: a psychic look at Spirit Possession, Madness, and Multiple Personality. New York: Dodd, Mead. Not recommended, at all, but does have some references to medical multis with in-system sexual relationships (quoting Ralph Allison, who I want to read EVEN LESS) and early American Society of Psychical Research stuff I want.
R.O.S.C.O.E. (2021). Ouroboros: A Plural Zine about why being plural has made it hard to make a plural zine etc. Self-published. Text-only transcript retrieved from https://transcribedcomicszines.dreamwidth.org/1911.html
Rose, Megan. (2022). Spirit Marriage: Intimate Relationships with Otherworldly Beings. Rochester, VT: Bear & Company. Covers spirit marriage from Dagara (Burkina Faso), Shakta Tantra (Nepal), Haitian Vodou, New Orleans Voodoo, and other magical and spiritual traditions, from a spirit marriage practitioner.
San Francisco Examiner Staff. (2007). Jump! Theatre goes ‘Cuckoo’ [news article]. Retrieved from https://www.sfexaminer.com/entertainment/jump-theatre-goes-cuckoo/ A newspaper article where former-multiple Madison Clell mentions having a big internal mythos story that influenced her system workings and became her comic Cuckoo.
Schreiber, Flora Rheta (1973). Sybil. Chicago: Henry Regnery Co. People will never forget this book, so you might as well bite the bullet and read it. Especially since this is the earliest citation I can find for someone using "multiple" as a standalone term to describe us; Sybil herself uses it.
Shaytar. (2000-2006). Stardance: Shaytar’s Space [web page]. http://www.bentspoons.com/Shaytar/ Internet Archive. Retrieved 2020/07/30 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.bentspoons.com/Shaytar* Website of the multiple who coined "empowered multiplicity" and came to reject the MPD/DID diagnosis.
Sidis, Boris and Simon P. Goodhart (1905). Multiple Personality: An Experimental Investigation into the Nature of Human Individuality. New York: Appleton. Retrieved from https://www.sidis.net/mpchap23c.htm Discusses the case of Alma Z., an early medical multiple who despite co-consciousness seemed to get along well with themselves and were loved by their family. Includes a touching scene of the Almas going to listen to a live music performance together.
Singer, Margaret Thaler, and Janja Lalich. (1996). Crazy Therapies: What Are They? Do They Work? Hoboken: Jossey-Bass. More Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome stuff, though Margaret Singer was a respectable cult therapist who has a lot of good information about cult behavior.
Smith, Stanley G. (March 1989). “Disorder with Human and Non-human Subpersonality Components,”
Dissociation, Vol. 2, No. 1: p 55-56. Case study of Native American man with nonhuman spiritual plurality. Haven't read yet, but one day...
sobqjmv_sphinx. (2023-present). Plural history tag. Retrieved from https://sobqjmv-sphinx.dreamwidth.org/tag/plural+history What it says on the tin. They corrected some of my bad citations!
sobqjmv_sphinx. (2023-present?). Old Plural Websites. Retrieved from https://scrapes-and-bruises.neocities.org/plural A big archive listing a bunch of old plural websites.
Sol System. (2021-present) 3 Dragons and a Dog [website]. Retrieved from https://invisibleotherkin.neocities.org/ Sol System's alterhuman site.
soulbonding. (2002-2004). Soulbonding. http://www.livejournal.com/community/soulbonding Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.livejournal.com/community/soulbonding* First URL for the soulbonding comm on Livejournal.
soulbonding. (2007-2009). A Bonding of Souls. http://community.livejournal.com:80/soulbonding/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20090817093541/http://community.livejournal.com:80/soulbonding/ Second URL for the soulbonding comm on Livejournal.
soulbonding. (2011-2018). http://soulbonding.livejournal.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://soulbonding.livejournal.com* Third URL for the soulbonding comm on Livejournal.
Speaking for Our Selves. (1986). Speaking for Our Selves, Vol. 1, no. 4. Retrieved from https://www.arttherapy.org/ARCHIVES/Publications/Newsletters/Speaking%20for%20Ourselves%20Vol.%201%20No.%204%201986.06.pdf First MPD newsletter that I know of.
Suryani, Luh Ketut and Jensen, Gordon D. (1993). Trance and Possession in Bali: A Window on Western Multiple Personality, Possession Disorder, and Suicide. New York: Oxford University Press. I bookscanned this motherfucker! Now there's finally a digital copy!
Unknown. (n.d.) A Public Warning: Documentation of "FF7 House" [web page]. Retrieved 2019/04/30 from http://www.demon-sushi.com/warning/index2.html An infamous soulbonding/fictionkin/plural cult based around recreating Final Fantasy 7.
Unknown. (1904, December 3). “Two Men In One: Dr. Sidis Considers the Strange Case of T. C. Hanna as an Instance of Multiple Personality.” New York Times. Retrieved from https://sidis.net/nytime19.jpg An early case where Rev. Hanna, after a head injury, lost memory and function.
Van Duijl, Marjolein; Cardeña, Etzel; and De Jong, Joop T. V. M. (2005). The validity of DSM-IV dissociative disorders categories in south-west Uganda. This was before the DSM 5, about the limitations of DSM-IV diagnostic categories outside the cultural context they were created in. Ask us if you want a copy.
Trujillo, Olga. (2011). The Sum of my Parts: a survivor's tale of dissociative identity disorder. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications. A lesbian DID memoir, pretty good and not as well known.
Veterans [Flatlanders]. (2008-2016). Zensenbuttai [web page]. http://www.zensenbutai.com Internet archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.zensenbutai.com* Most of this site is regretfully lost; only the following two articles remain: The Whitewashing of the Flatlanders (about body-matching and racism in plurality, from 2008) and Inessential, a takedown of the old In Essence pledge. (If you're going, "what's that?" you didn't miss much.)
Vickis [Vicki(s)]. (1997-2005). Welcome to the Wonderful World of the MidContinuum! [web page]. http://www.asarian.org/~vickis Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.asarian.org/~vickis* Vicki(s) coined midcontinuum (which Pavilion made into median) and is also the first place I've seen someone use "plural" as an umbrella term.
Wallace, Wallechinsky, Wallace, and Wallace (1980). "10 PEOPLE WHO WERE 74 PEOPLE" The Book of Lists #2. Bantam. (377-380) Outdated, unsourced, often incorrect pop culture article on multiples of yore. You can read our transcription here: https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/873671.html
Yavie. (1997, May 23). SANCTUARYites Home Pages [web page]. http://www.inlink.com/~chack/sanct/sanctuary.html Internet Archive. Retrieved 2020/07/29 from https://web.archive.org/web/19970522111106/http://www.inlink.com/~chack/sanct/sanctuary.html old alt.support.dissociation hang-out.
Yayanos, Meredith. (2018). "The Harpy." Becoming Dangerous: Witchy Femmes, Queer Conjurers, and Magical Rebels. Newburyport: Weiser Books. A personal essay on trauma therapy, memory work, and grief as ritual, and on "the daily reality of living with complex post-traumatic stress disorder and as-of-yet indeterminate dissociative issues".
Young, Kevin. (2017) Bunk: The Rise of Hoaxes, Humbug, Plagiarists, Phonies, Post-Facts, and Fake News. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press. A book about the racial roots of the American hoax, and goes into racist dynamics of medical multiplicity, taking the position that it is a hoax. Painful to read, but he's one of the few people I've seen dig into the racism of medical multiplicity in America.
Zyfron. (2010-2013). Gemini: The Webcomic About Living Plural. Retrieved from https://healthymultiplicity.com/Zyfron/Gemini/ Slice-of-life comic strips about being trans and plural.
Zyfron. (2018). Becoming Median. Retrieved from https://healthymultiplicity.com/Zyfron/Becoming%20Median%20Booklet.pdf A zine about life after becoming singlet, becoming median, and dealing with trauma.
This list is not complete. It became so huge that I got overwhelmed, so this is what I have right now. (And I'll probably disappear again for a while online, because I'm not up to dealing with other folks adding their own citations in the comments, even though I really WANT them to.)
Due to the number of sources, any sort of dividing into groups is doomed to failure, so we have listed them alphabetically by creator last name. Sorry. Some of the things covered: medical multiplicity of "the West" (MPD, DID, dual consciousness, hysterical dissociation, trauma and dissocation) including backlash against it (the Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome; empowered multiples, natural multiples, endogenic multiples), various forms of spirit marriage and possession, soulbonding.
(n.d.) 209 Area Code BBSes Through History (80’s Version). Retrieved from http://bbslist.textfiles.com/209/oldschool.html Holds record of Maxie's Toy, a multi-friendly BBS from 1992.
(n.d.) 760 Area Code BBSes Throughout History. Retrieved from http://bbslist.textfiles.com/760/ Holds record of Mars Station, the first multi-friendly BBS I know of, active in 1991.
(n.d.) 804 Area Code BBSes Through History. Retrieved from http://bbslist.textfiles.com/804/ Holds record of Fire Chat, a multi-friendly BBS that was around from 1992-1994.
(n.d.) AltArchive Plural Section. Retrieved from https://www.zotero.org/groups/4956615/altarchive/collections/AKUUMJM7 Part of a giant alterhuman archive in progress
Adams, Fionna. (2022). We Could Be Something More. Retrieved from https://www.fionnaadams.com/we_could_be_something_more/ "an interactive story about how one person discovers they're far more than one. also about trauma, online community, and godfeels."
Adams, Monni. (1982). Designs for Living. Cambridge: Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts in cooperation with the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Can be retrieved online from https://archive.org/details/designsforliving00adam/mode/2up. Briefly mentions spirit marriage and spirit possession for the Baule, Ibibio, and Yoruba peoples of Cote D'Ivoire and Nigeria.
Allen, Denna and Janet Midwinter. (1990). Michelle Remembers: The Debunking of a Myth. http://xeper.org/pub/lib/xp_lib_wh_DebunkingOfAMyth.htm Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20040511131253/http://xeper.org/pub/lib/xp_lib_wh_DebunkingOfAMyth.htm About the book that helped kick-off the Memory Wars.
Alt.support.dissociation (1994-present) alt.support.dissociation [Newsgroup archive] Retrieved from https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/alt.support.dissociation Old Usenet group for dissociatives, still technically active today (though much slowed down).
American Society of Psychical Research. Proceedings of the American Society of Psychical Research, Vol. I (Containing Nos. 1-4.) 1885-1889. (Boston, Damrell and Upham, 1889), 551-554. Accessed online at https://archive.org/details/proceedingsofame18589amer/page/550/mode/2up?view=theater This is the stupid source for the Anna Winsor/Old Stump case and thank fucking god I finally found it because WHAT A BEAR. There's probably a lot more packed away in this 600 page tome; there's a whole section on "automatic writers" who sequester different consciousnesses into different body parts.
Amorpha. (2002-2005). collective phenomenon. http://www.kitsune.cx/~amorpha Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kitsune.cx/~amorpha* Amorpha's first website about being multiple.
Amorpha. (2004-present). Collective Phenomenon: multiplicity is funky. http://www.dreamshore.net/amorpha Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.dreamshore.net/amorpha* Amorpha's current (though long abandoned) website about being multiple.
Anachronic Army. (1998?-2003). Dark Personalities – The Dark Side of Multiplicity http://www.darkpersonalities.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.darkpersonalities.com*M The website that brought us the "empowered multiplicity" concept. Had the original glossary that Pavilion Hall and later Astraea yoinked. Wayback Machine archives only go back to 2000.
Anonymous. (2018). First Principles of Queer Goetia. Retrieved from https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/anonymous-first-protocols-of-queer-goetia "A small, powerful set of mythopoetic instructions for working with the queer dead, composed after the overlapping underground worlds of the Bay Area lost thirty-six of their people in the Ghost Ship Fire." Has mystical plural elements from a magical perspective.
asrai-d. (2000?-2007). My Place [web page]. http://insiders.gq.nu Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://insiders.gq.nu* Website of the founder of the Livejournal multiplicity community. Otherkin and multiple. Wayback Machine only goes back to 2001, but the updates page goes back to 2000.
Astraea. (1997-2004). Astraea’s Web: Multiple Personality Resources [web page]. http://www.asarian.org/~astraea/household/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.asarian.org/~astraea* Astraea's first website, far as I know. I can't get away with not citing them, so instead I'm going to just end all my citations of them, Cato the Censor style, with "Astraea are passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete." I accept the pettiness of this.
Astraea. (1999, November 17). Households United for Equality [web page]. http://www.asarian.org:80/~astraea/household/hue.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/19991117170627/http://www.asarian.org:80/~astraea/household/hue.html A failed multi liberation group, and Astraea are passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete.
Astraea. (2000-present). Astraea's Web. http://astraeasweb.net/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.astraeasweb.net* Astraea's second/current state, and they are passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete.
ATW. (2005). got parts? an insider's guide to managing life successfully with Dissociative Identity Disorder. Ann Arbor: Loving Healing Press. 101 Self-help book, what it says on the tin. Available in ebook, audiobook, and on paper; ask us if you want an ebook copy. (Since ATW has died, I no longer feel bad about giving their book away.)
Baldwin, Louis. (1984). Oneselves: multiple personalities, 1811-1981. Jefferson: McFarland. A short digest of a bunch of old multiples of yore. Back in print! Only available on paper. Very handy for a quick overview of how we got here, conveniently cuts off right before the Memory Wars.
Barker, Meg-John. (2017). Plural Selves. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/PluralSelvesZine.pdf A plural zine. Illustrated, not screenreadable.
Barker, Meg-John. (2018). Chalkboard Comic. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/self/happy-holidays-comic-plural-selves/ A short plural comic. Not screenreadable.
Barker, Meg-John. (2021). Plurality. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Plurality.pdf Compilation of Team MJ Barker's plural blog posts, I think. Text-only.
Barker, Meg-John. (2022). Plural Selves 2. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Plural-Selves-2.pdf Another plural zine. Illustrated, not screenreadable.
Barker, Meg-John. (2022). Plurality 2. Retrieved from https://www.rewriting-the-rules.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Plurality-2.pdf More of Team MJ Barker's plural blog posts. Text-only.
Barnes, Jey. (2019). Benefits of Having an Imaginary Friend. Available for sale at https://jobsatisfactioncomic.storenvy.com/products/29075434-imaginary-friends-mini-zine Tiny one-page zine, exactly what it sounds like.
Bayne, Timothy. (2002). Moral Status and the Treatment of Dissociative Identity Disorder. Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 87–105 Retrieved from http://healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Info/MoralStatusandIntegration.PDF Academic article about how gee, maybe forcibly removing headmates from existence could be considered morally questionable. I got permission from Bayne to rehost it.
Blackbirds. (2003?-present). The Layman's Guide to Multiplicity. http://karitas.net Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://karitas.net* A multiplicity 101 brochure from back in the day, created for Pavilion Hall.
Bourne, Ansel. (1858). Wonderful Works of God: A Narrative of the Wonderful Facts in the Case of Ansel Bourne of Westerly, Rhode Island, Who, In The Midst of Opposition to the Christian Religion Was Suddenly Struck Blind, Dumb, and Deaf, and After Eighteen Days Was Suddenly and Completely Restored In the Presence of Hundreds of Persons, in the Christian Chapel At Westerly, on the 15th of November, 1857. Irvington, N.J: Moses Cummings, Office of the Christian Messenger. Retrieved from https://archive.org/details/wonderfulworksof00anse Ansel Bourne used to be one of the most famous multis of the 1800s. This is his account from before his fugue episode.
Brandsma, Jeffrey M., and Arnold M. Ludwig. (1974). A case of multiple personality: Diagnosis and therapy. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. Pirated from Sci-Hub. The Jonah case, one of the rare studies of a black male multiple from a medical perspective. (MPD didn't exist as a diagnosis yet, but as it did, that's roughly when it became a "white female thing." And it was already a "white thing" before this.)
Brozan, Nadine. (1989). The Real ‘Eve’ Sues to Film the Rest of Her Story. New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/07/movies/the-real-eve-sues-to-film-the-rest-of-her-story.html Covers Chris Costner Sizemore (AKA "Three Faces of Eve" lady) fighting for the rights to her own life story.
Calof, David L. (1998). Notes from a practice under siege: Harassment, defamation, and intimidation in the name of science. Ethics and Behavior, 8(2) pp. 161-187. Discusses tactics of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation, thus part of the Memory Wars. Ask me if you want a digital copy.
Carlson, Nathan. (2009). "Reviving Witiko (Windigo): An Ethnohistory of 'Cannibal Monsters' in the Athabasca District of Northern Alberta, 1878–1910" Ethnohistory (2009) 56 (3): 355–394. Retrieved from https://read.dukeupress.edu/ethnohistory/article/56/3/355/8822/Reviving-Witiko-Windigo-An-Ethnohistory-of Mentions Algonquian spirit possession in the most negative way and the racism inherent in folks who insist such phenomenae don't exist unless a white person observes it.
Casey, Joan Frances. (1991). The Flock: the Autobiography of a Multiple Personality. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Books. MPD memoir. Less abuse-heavy than others, but totally unaware of the intensely codependent and unhealthy "reparenting" relationship between therapist and multiple.
Chase, the Troops for Truddi. (1987). When Rabbit Howls. New York: Jove Books. MPD memoir, helped spread the idea that becoming singlet was not required for a happy life (but didn't invent the idea).
Cheit, Ross E. (2010-2020). Recovered Memory Project [website]. Retrieved from https://blogs.brown.edu/recoveredmemory/ Part of the Memory Wars history.
Cheit, Ross E. (2014). The Witch-Hunt Narrative: Politics, Psychology, and the Sexual Abuse of Children. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Simultaneously the driest, most depressing book I have ever bought, but helps explain some of the Memory Wars stuff.
Clell, Madison. (1996-2002). Cuckoo. For sale at https://madisonclell.com/cuckood-i-d/; ebooks can be pirated via library genesis, which is the only way you can read Issue #1 now, I think. Autobio comics about having MPD, ranging from serious and grim to goofy. First print comic I know of by and about a medical multiple.
Consortium. (2001-2003). The Disenchanted Forest. http://disenchantedforest.com Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/03/22 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://disenchantedforest.com* Website of the empowered multiple who originally created the Multiples' Code. Uses "plural" and "multiple" interchangeably.
the Courts. (1999-2005). The Two Courts. http://twocourts.8k.com Internet Archive. Retrieved 3/5/2023 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://twocourts.8k.com* First website of the Courts, who were part of Pavilion Hall, created Not Ashamed For Existing and the In Essence Pledge. Were sorta declarations you could sign as system agreements? The former never made much of a splash; the latter stuck around a bit. Wayback Machine only goes back to 2001, but the updates pages goes back to 1999. May have been Blackbirds under a different name?
the Courts. (2002-2004). The Two Courts. http://www.kitsune.cx/courts Internet Archive. Retrieved 3/5/2023 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.kitsune.cx/courts* Second website of the Courts. May have been the same as Blackbirds?
Craddock, Ida. (1895). Heavenly Bridegrooms. Retrieved from https://www.idacraddock.com/bridegrooms.html Christian spirit marriage. Craddock was harassed to suicide for being public about it and making sex ed materials.
Crisses. (n.d.) United Front Bundle [shop page]. Retrieved from https://leanpub.com/b/unitedfront
Crisses. (1999?-present). Kinhost.org: encouraging internal community. http://kinhost.org/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://kinhost.org* Crisses are otherkin plurals who've been around for a million years, created the United Front Boot Camp, and also host a plural wiki. Wayback Machine only goes back to 2001, but the updates page goes back to 1999.
Cutten, George. (1903 September). The Case of John Kinsel. I and II. The Psychological Review, Vol. X, No. 5., pg. 465-497 and 615-632. I don't even know how I found the PDFs; Sci-Hub maybe? Archive.org? Case study involving a college student who kept slipping in and out of trance states in college, which his fellows were aware of. They took to spanking him with books to try and get him to switch back, since it was causing him trouble in exams. Interesting mostly for discussing a disabled student being open about it and getting accommodations, even if they WERE frat boy style. Ask me if you want a copy.
Dallam, S.J. (2002). “Crisis or Creation: A systematic examination of false memory syndrome.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 9(3/4), 9/36. Retrieved from www.leadershipcouncil.org/1/res/dallam/6.html More Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome Foundation debunking. This was the one that made me realize, "wait, you mean the FMSF weren't totally above-board and legit?"
Dana, Charles L. (1894). The study of a case of amnesia or ‘double consciousness’. Psychological Review. Pirated from Sci-Hub. A case involving a man suffering brain damage and amnesia from a gas leak. This predates the codifying of "multiple/dual personality." Ask me if you want a copy.
DeBernardi, Jean. (2006). The Way That Lives in the Heart: Chinese Popular Religion and Spirit Mediums in Penang, Malaysia. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Haven't read it, can only salivate at the sidelines.
Deren, Maya. (1947-1951, 1981). Divine Horsemen: The Living Gods of Haiti [the film]. Documentary avante-garde film. A journey into the Vodou religion of Haiti, filmed by Maya Deren during 1947-1951 and edited posthumously by Teiji and Cherel Ito in 1981, focused primarily on religious song, dance, and possession. Someone uploaded it to archive.org!
Deren, Maya. (1953). Divine Horsemen: The Living Gods of Haiti [the book]. Norwich: Jerrold and Sons. Deren's book about Vodou, including her own experiences being possessed by the lwa Erzulie. Very accessible and down-to-earth, pretty easy to find.
Desired Constellation. (2010). Dyscalculia: the social math of multiplicity. Retrieved from http://healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Misc/DesiredConstellationDyscalculia.pdf A personal experience zine of various members of the Desired Constellation grappling with ableism and stigma, and describing their coming to selves-awareness in 2008.
Desmangles, Leslie. (1994). The Faces of the Gods: Vodou and Roman Catholicism in Haiti. Chapel Hill. University of North Carolina Press. Haitian Vodou spirit possession and its influence on Haitian history.
Dillon, Rax. (2022). Tower of the Wizard King. Retrieved from https://raxraxraxraxrax.itch.io/tower-of-the-wizard-king-a-zine Personal zine, experimental in format, about "plurality, differential consciousness, and a board game from 1993 that has been literally living in my head for almost thirty years."
Discord and Sapphire Gazelles. (1994, September 7). alt.support.dissociation FAQ 3/4 [Usenet message]. Retrieved 3/10/19 from https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.support.dissociation/syXW3KkhIZA/gM5TsFZmt2sJ The alt.support.dissociation FAQ, showing that ASD did hypothetically support multiples without traumatic backgrounds.
Discord and Sapphire Gazelles. (1995, May 14). alt.support.dissociation FAQ 3/4 [Usenet message]. Retrieved 3/10/19 from http://faqs.cs.uu.nl/na-dir/dissoc-faq/part3.html An updated form of the alt.support.dissociation FAQ, showing edits to the kind of multiples accepted or acknolwedged.
Dragonheart Collective. (2022?-present) Dragon's Roost. Retrieved from https://dragonsroost.neocities.org/ Lots of neat stuff.
ECHOLIST. (December 1995). ECHOLIST The EchoMail Conference List MASTER REPORT. Retrieved from http://www.textfiles.com/fidonet-on-the-internet/e1995/elist512.txt Record of the M_P_D and SIP_MPD BBSes for folks with MPD.
Eclective. (2001-2006). Welcome, traveller, to the gateway to the Holyland... http://childofmana.tripod.com/ Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/03/17 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://childofmana.tripod.com* First soulbonding site that I know of for Eclective, has the earliest citation I have for that community with do you believe in soulbonding at first sight? that's dated 1999.
Eclective [Riesz Fenrir]. (2001-2004). The Sword and Serpent Tavern. http://pub51.ezboard.com/btheswordandserpent Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://pub51.ezboard.com/btheswordandserpent A fandom and soulbonding forum.
Eclective. (2003-2004). Soul Whispers version 3.0. http://www.intoccabile.net/soulbond Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.intoccabile.net/soulbond* Eclective's soulbonding site, same as the tripod version. Includes glossary, essays, FAQ.
Eclectve. (2004). Soul Whispers version 3.0 http://www.yonicmafia.com/soulbond/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20050112192159/http://www.yonicmafia.com/soulbond/ Eclective's soulbonding site, same as the tripod version. Includes glossary, essays, FAQ.
Eclective. (2004?-present, though abandoned in 2004). soul whispers 3.0 http://soulbonding.tripod.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://soulbonding.tripod.com* Eclective's live soulbonding site, still referenced to this day despite being abandoned for roughly twenty years. Includes glossary, essays, FAQ. The home page is down, but side pages are still live.
Ellenberger, Henri F. (1970, 1994). The Discovery of the Unconscious: History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. London: Fontana Press. See Gmelin.
Emerson, Rick. (2022) Unmask Alice: LSD, satanic panic, and the imposter behind the world's most notorious diaries. Dallas: BenBella Books, Inc. This beastly Mormon hoax writer helped kick off the Satanic panic, which in turn helped fuel the Memory Wars in the USA. Thanks a lot, lady.
Emezi, Akwaeke. (2018). Freshwater. New York: Grove Press. Nigerian body-sharing from an Igbo ogbanje perspective, fictionalized autobiography prose. Emezi has said on Twitter that Freshwater is memoir. "It’s like ~5% fiction in the childhood parts of the book, and the rest is straight memoir from a spirit first perspective. The conversations between the selves were literally copy pasted from my journals. I let it move as fiction because it needed that mask as my debut, you know? I don’t believe it would have been published as nonfiction because it would have required acknowledging that indigenous realities aren’t myths."
Emezi, Akwaeke. (2021). Dear Senthuran. New York: Penguin Random House. Emezi states that they had to pretend Freshwater was fiction, feeling they couldn't publish it otherwise, and Dear Senthuran is them writing without that bending over backwards for marketability.
Encyclopedia Dramatica. (2006 March 3). Talk:Otakin [wiki page]. http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Talk:Otakin Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/04/30 from https://web.archive.org/web/20100426004714/http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Talk:Otakin A mockery page for what is now called fictionkin.
Encyclopedia Dramatica. (2008 August 26). Soulbonding [wiki page]. http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Soulbonding Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/04/30 from https://web.archive.org/web/20080826105532/http://www.encyclopediadramatica.com/Soulbonding A mockery page for soulbonders.
False Memory Syndrome Foundation. (n.d.) False Memory Syndrome Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.fmsfonline.org/ Memory Wars stuff. Their nonsense made being multi a lot harder for a certain generation. Someone is in the process of transcribing the entire archive of their newsletter to make it searchable; ask for private access.
Finkelhor, David and Williams, Linda Meyer, with Burns, Nanci. (1988). Nursery Crimes: Sexual Abuse in Day Care. Newbury Park: SAGE Publications. This book has a terrible title, but it also talks about "ritual abuse" as a loose umbrella term for at least three very different experiences, which ended up proving helpful for me understanding what its deal was (and what mine was). Also one of the rare places that even attempts to discuss the behavior of female sexual abusers.
First Person Plural. (2012?) First Person Plural Webring. http://hub.webring.org/hub/plural#1234 Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20120612031747/http://hub.webring.org/hub/plural#1234 Much-decayed old webring of non-survivor multiples.
Flournoy, Théodore (translator: Daniel B. Vermilye). (1900). From India to the Planet Mars. New York: Harper & Brothers. Early spirit medium multiple, very famous. Available on archive.org.
Franz, Shepherd Ivory. (1933). Persons, One and Three: A Study in Multiple Personalities. New York: Whittlesey house. Retrieved from https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015002704081&view=1up&seq=15 Story of “C. J. Poulting”/”John Charles Poultney” fugue case. Following a severe head injury in World War I, switched multiple times, leading to multiple stints in the British army, being mistaken for American and shipped back there, only to be taken in as the long-lost relative of Seventh Day Adventists, which he didn’t seem thrilled about. This article is boring, but credit where its due, Franz did his damnedest to piece together a very confused biography.
Freyd, Jennifer J. (1998) Science in the Memory Debate, Ethics &Behavior, 8:2, pg. 101-113. Retrieved online from http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb0802_1 Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome Foundation debunking.
GalaxySystem. (2015-2020). Today. Retrieved from https://tapas.io/series/TodayComic/info. A DID diary comic.
Georges, Rene and Houlberg, Marilyn. (1993). "My Double Mystic Marriages to Two Goddesses of Love: an Interview." Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou. Los Angeles: Fowler Museum at UCLA. Retrieved from http://healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Misc/Rene-MyDoubleMysticMarriagestoTwoGoddessesofLove.pdf. An interview with a Haitian man about his marriages to two lwa, Ezili Danto and Ezili Freya. I PDFized it for posterity.
Gil, Eliana. (1990). United We Stand: A Book for People With Multiple Personalities. Walnut Creek, CA: Launch Press.
Gilbert, J. A. (1902). X. New York Medical Record, pg. 207-11. A very old multiple personality case that I cannot find anywhere, but this is the citation, so it must exist somewhere. If you find it, tell me (AND GIVE IT TO ME I WANT IT)
Gilkey, Laura. (2001-2009). Welcome to ShiningHalf.com! http://www.shininghalf.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.shininghalf.com* Soulbonding site.
Gilkey, Laura. (2002). The Trinity [Fictionpress story]. Retrieved 2019/04/18 from https://www.fictionpress.com/s/735472/1/The-Trinity A soulbonding story, probably from 1998, which Gilkey said was somewhat based on herself and her main soulbond at the time. Might be useful as a romantic relationship data point.
Gil, Eliana. (1990). United We Stand. Rockville, MD: Launch Press. A super-brief simple explanation of MPD, appropriate for adults or older children; sorry for the crummy front cover scan, the dark cover confused the scanner.
Ginting, Silvana R.R. and Effendy, Elmeida. (2019). Post-Dissociative Trance Disorder: Traditional Culture of Nini Pagar from Tigabinanga. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Aug 30; 7(16): 2685–2687. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6876804/ Thanks, kinda_lost! Discusses a trance possession case in Indonesia.
Gmelin, E. (1791). Materialen fur die antbropologie (pp. 3-89). Tubingen, Germany: Cotta. (Also precised in H. Ellenberger, The discovery of the unconscious: The history and evolution of dynamic psychiatry). Describes a case of "exchanged personality," where a German woman would switch into a French woman at a gesture and had no contiguous memory, which predates Mary Reynolds, supposedly the "first" medical multiple.
Goettman, Greaves, and Koons. (1994). Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1791-1992: A Complete Bibliography. Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
Goodwin, J. (1987). Mary Reynolds: a post-traumatic reinterpretation of a classic case of multiple personality disorder. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3308663 Article about Mary Reynolds, the "first" multiple personality, arguing she had a traumatic background.
Grobe, Jonathan. (1994, August 28). Dissociation/Multiple Personalities Support Newsgroup Created [Newsgroup message]. Retrieved 3/13/2019 from https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.sexual.abuse.recovery/cxSSC9a9uto/M3RuliatW2MJ Notation of the creation of alt.support.dissociation.
Grove, Emma. (2022). The Third Person. Montreal: Drawn & Quarterly. 800-page comics memoir about a messed-up therapy relationship and being gatekept out of transitioning due to DID.
H., Ann. (1985-1986). Various poems. Speaking for Our Selves, Vol. 1, no. 4. Retrieved from https://transcribedcomicszines.dreamwidth.org/4048.html Eight short poems by someone with MPD, dealing with topics ranging from death, despair, and denial, to longing for connection and friendship.
Harris, Jonathan G. (1997 May 19). WITCH HUNT INFORMATION CENTER. http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/harris/witchhunt.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/19970519144556/http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/harris/witchhunt.html Memory Wars stuff.
Harvey, Ben. (2019). Origin of #pluralgang – protomagicalgirl on Hbomberguy [Youtube video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJgrpGHkSPQ The start of the #pluralgang tag on Twitter and elsewhere. Keeping this damn citation here because wow would it be hard to find later.
healthymultiplicity.com. (2010-present). Resource Index. Retrieved from https://healthymultiplicity.com/ It's our website that Zyfron's let us squat on all these years!
Hocking, Sandra. (1992). Living With Your Selves: a survival manual for people with multiple personalities. Rockville, MD: Launch Press. Retrieved from healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Info/Hocking_LivingWithYourSelves_OCR.pdf An early MPD self-help book. I wrote about its cultural context here.
Hocking, Sandra. (1994). Someone I Know Has Multiple Personalities. Rockville, MD: Launch Press. Retrieved from Retrieved from healthymultiplicity.com/loonybrain/Info/Hocking-SomeoneIKnowHasMultiplePersonalities1994_OCR.pdf
Hock-Tong, Cheu. (1988). The Nine Emperor Gods: A Study of Chinese Spirit Medium Cults. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan. Spirit possession of overseas ethnic Chinese. Haven't read it, can only look longingly from the sidelines.
Hoffman, David H. (2015). REPORT TO THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION: INDEPENDENT REVIEW RELATING TO APA ETHICS GUIDELINES, NATIONAL SECURITY INTERROGATIONS, AND TORTURE. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/independent-review/revised-report.pdf Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome footnote that states Elizabeth Loftus avoided an ethics investigation by getting tipped off it was coming so she could resign and dodge the scandal.
H.O.P.E./HOPEorg. (1999-2003). Noble wallpaper of a coalition group for "alternatives" (pagans, queers, paranormal folks, plural folks, otherkin, etc.) that covered sketchy happenings. There were a lot of links over the years; we collated them and summarized the history here.
Hoult, Jennifer. (2005 & 2014). “Remembering Dangerously” & Hoult v. Hoult: The Myth of Repressed Memory that Elizabeth Loftus Created. Retrieved from http://www.rememberingdangerously.com More Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome debunkings, spoken from someone who Loftus screwed over.
House of Chimeras. (2021?-2022). House of Chimeras [website]. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/view/houseofchimeras/home?authuser=0 House of Chimeras' first website.
House of Chimeras. (2022-present). The Chimeras Library. Retrieved from https://houseofchimeras.neocities.org/ House of Chimeras' current website.
Howe et al. (2009). "Devotional Crossings: Sex Workers, Santisima Muerte, and Spiritual Solidarity in Guadalajara and San Francisco" Religion at the Corner of Bliss and Nirvana. Durham: Duke Universe Press. Briefly mentions lesbian spirit marriage between a sex worker and Santa Muerte. Ask if you want a digital copy missing the final page.
the Inmara Ktletaccete Fenumera. (2022). System's Out! Retrieved from https://sunspot.world/ "A story about plurality, consciousness, the fight to overcome physical dysphoria, and self advocacy in a world without assigned gender. Also, some good old fashioned wish fulfillment." This story is explicitly about the author system heavily fictionalized and put into a science fiction setting.
James, William. (1890). The Principles of Psychotherapy. New York: Henry Holt and Company. Retrieved from http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/James/Principles/prin10.htm Very old medical multiplicity stuff.
Kendall, Laurel. (1988). The Life and Hard Times of a Korean Shaman: Of Tales and the Telling of Tales. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Keyes, Daniel. (1981). The Minds of Billy Milligan. New York: Random House. Old MPD biography of a serial rapist. Unpleasant, but easy to throw at anyone claiming true multis never hurt anyone.
Kluft, Richard. (1988). The Phenomenology And Treatment Of Extremely Complex Multiple Personality Disorder. Dissociation, Vol. 1, No. 4. Retrieved from https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/1396/Diss_1_4_8_OCR_rev.pdf?sequence=4 Early citation of the "system of parts" terminology.
Lancers. (2002-2012). Lancers Hill. Retrieved from https://lancershill.livejournal.com/ Livejournal community for the Lancers, which was ostensibly Pavilion Hall's more activist, militant arm. Got folded into Pavilion Hall and quietly never mentioned again, so all other citations will lump them under "Pavilion Hall."
Lee, LB. (2017-2019). Cultiples: the complete series [ebook]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.itch.io/cultiples-tristan-greydesiree-hamm, can be pirated off archive.org or LibraryGenesis. My soul-crushing works on three transmasc plural cult leaders. One is in jail until 2030 for kidnapping, raping, and branding teenage girls he persuaded were really their roleplaying characters, one has a string of domestic violence charges and is forbidden to own firearms because of his violence, and the other's been accused of nonsexual abusive ageplay kink with minors. Our community, ladies and gentleman! This project crushed my soul, but I still feel like it needed to be done to document and explain the abusive tactics our own people use, often against us.
Lee, LB. (2019, March 13). Pavilion Hall and the Creation of the Term “Median” [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1005976.html
Lee, LB. (2019, April 18). Pluralwiki: Soulbonding (the Livejournal community) [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1020269.html
Lee, LB. (2019, July 21). Plural Wiki: Wondershocked [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1040137.html
Lee, LB. (2020, January 9). Where’s Amorpha’s Money, Astraea? [blog post]. Retrieved from https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1083069.html My citation for Astraea being a passive-obstructive truck-stealing extortionists and I want to make them obsolete
Left at London. (2019). "6 Feet." Available for purchase at https://leftatlondon.bandcamp.com/track/my-friends-are-kinda-strange-feat-chuck-sutton An autobiographical song about living with OSDD-1b.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Katherine Ketchum. (1991). Witness for the Defense: The Accused, the Eyewitness, and the Expert Who Puts Memory on Trial. New York: St. Martin’s Books. Memory Wars False Memory Syndrome stuff, written by one of the FMSF board who dodged an ethics investigation by conveniently resigning.
Loftus, Elizabeth, and Melvin Guyer. (2002). Who Abused Jane Doe? The Hazards of the Single Case History: Part I. Retrieved from https://staff.washington.edu/eloftus/Articles/JaneDoe.htm Memory Wars False Memory Syndrome stuff, written by one of the FMSF board who dodged an ethics investigation by conveniently resigning.
the Lunastus Collective [not-your-fucking-pet]. (2014, August 7). Fellow plural people? [tumblr post]. Retrieved 2019/03/14 from http://not-your-fucking-pet.tumblr.com/post/94111819808/fellow-plural-people The earliest citation I have for what would become the endogenic/traumagenic slapfight. If you find an earlier citation, tell me, I freakin' want it.
the Lunastus Collective [not-your-fucking-pet]. (2014, August 8). Long ramble on terminology creation [tumblr post]. Retrieved 2019/03/14 from http://not-your-fucking-pet.tumblr.com/post/94222698873/long-ramble-on-terminology-creation The creation of the term "endogenic," made abstruse on purpose to avoid all pre-existing plural terminology to avoid spurious claims of cultural appropriation. It didn't work.
Lyn. (2000-present). soulbond. http://kurai.com/sb/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://kurai.com/sb* Lyn's soulbonding site, still technically live. Most well-known for the list of soulbonders, so a good hub site for more. Also worth noting is the announcement talking about soulbonding getting subsumed into multiplicity and how that left old-school soulbonders like Lyn out in the cold.
Mann, B. A. (2004). Iroquoian women: The gantowisas. New York: Peter Lang. (326-329) Discussions of Iroquois perceptions of the soul... or souls, rather. You can read the transcription Polyfrazzlemented sent us here: https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/1094585.html#cutid1
Many Voices Press. (1989-2012). Many Voices: Words of Hope for Clients with MPD and Dissociative Disorders. Retrieved from https://manyvoicespress.org/backissues-pdf/ All the Many Voices back issues. Sadly not screenreadable. Of especial note is the 1993 Oct. Sex and Relationships issue, which mentions MPD in-head romance and sexual relationships.
Many Voices Press. (1993). Mending Ourselves: Expressions of healing & self-integration. Cincinnati: Many Voices Press. A collection of essays, poetry, and art shared by over fifty readers of Many Voices, an international newsletter for people healing from MPD and trauma-related dissociative disorders, mostly focused on personal experiences of the recovery progress and integration. Sadly lacking in the hard practical details I wanted, but it exists.
Marshall, Alan. (1993). People in Pieces: Multiple Personality in Milder Forms & Greater Numbers. Highland City, FL: Rainbow Books. Medical medianhood kinda deal, discussing a form of what would later be known as DDNOS/OSDD.
Mary Nardini Gang. (2018). Be Gay Do Crime! Retrieved from https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/mary-nardini-gang-be-gay-do-crime Positive this work shared at least one writer as the Queer Protocols of Goetia. Plural undertones of channeling, trance possession, and queer anarchist animism.
McGuire, Danielle L. (2010). At the Dark End of the Street: Black Women, Rape, and Resistance—a New History of the Civil Rights Movement from Rosa Parks to the Rise of Black Power. New York: Vintage Books. Look, you can't understand the modern American conception of MPD/DID without discussing an American history of rape and incest, and you can't understand American rape and incest without discussing slavery and racism. This was the book that made me go, "wait, if everyone insists that medical multiplicity is caused by trauma, especially sexual... and we have a VERY well-known population who experienced it... why is medical multiplicity treated as a white thing? Either there's a shitload of black multiples who are going unrecognized, or being identified as something else, or medical multiplicity isn't as bound to sexual trauma as we act."
Mitchell, S. Weir (1889). Mary Reynolds: A Case of Double Consciousness. Philadelphia: Wm. J. Dornan. Retrieved from https://memory.loc.gov/service/gdc/scd0001/2012/20120723003ma/20120723003ma.pdf Mary Reynolds is called the "first" multiple personality, when as far as I can tell, she's really more like the first famous medicalized case. She was very, very famous for a long time. Now, of course, she isn't considered multiple at all, but a "conversion disorder" case instead.
Multiplicity (2000-2016). Multiplicity Livejournal community. Retrieved from https://multiplicity.livejournal.com/ Mirrored and backed up at https://multiplicity-archives.dreamwidth.org/ Still technically live, though inactive.
narcissam. (2006, October 22). "Severus, come to me/ Be the light for me/ So I can see/ Life's beauty/ Guide me to destiny." [Fandom Wank Journalfen post] http://www.journalfen.net/community/fandom_wank/1015949.html Internet Archive. Retrieved 2019/04/18 from https://web.archive.org/web/20071213013651/http://www.journalfen.net/community/fandom_wank/1015949.html An infamous post devoted to mocking the Snapewives, a mix of spirit marriage, fiction-based religion, and soulbonding. I have very prim academic articles that cite the Snapewives, which will never not be surreal to me.
Neocities. (n.d.) Neocities - Sites tagged plurality. Retrieved from https://neocities.org/browse?sort_by=followers&tag=plurality All the neocities pages tagged with plurality. Have fun!
Neon Crypt System. (2022). Dining Alone Together. Retrieved from https://cohost.org/neon-crypt-system/post/343516-dining-alone-togethe Slice of life comic made to describe the creators' experience of being many, depicted alongside the process of making a meal together.
Neon Crypt System. (2023). Lost & Found Again. Retrieved from https://cohost.org/neon-crypt-system/post/768689-lost-found-again A comic about playing hide and seek with a younger headmate across inner worlds. Uses color in an interesting way to show what layer of reality folks are on.
Newman, Donna Joy (1973, June 23). Tempo: ‘I led five lives’ – the incredible story of Henry Hawksworth.’ Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1977/06/23/page/15/article/tempo That link seems to be down; ask me for a copy. Not screenreadable. Story involving Hawksworth, who was a violent rapist who then got out of legal consequences by claiming he was singlet now and the headmates who caused legal problems no longer existed.
Nichole. (2005, December 4). The SoulBonding Database [web page]. http://illvision.net/sbdata/data.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20051224195837/http://illvision.net/sbdata/data.html A database of soulbonding experiences. That link is now down, but someone on Reddit uploaded chunks of it here. Information is all in the comments; ignore the top thread, though, it's unrelated and unpleasant.
Nguyen, Xuan. (2021). "Divination, Art Creation, and Schizophrenia." Retrieved from https://monsteringmag.com/magazine/divination-art-creation-and-schizophrenia-a-personal-essay-on-craft A personal essay on divination, being a poet-prose writer, and consensus reality with schizophrenia, DID, and physical disability caused by medication.
Olafson, Edna. (2014). A Review and Correction of the Errors in Loftus and Guyer on Jane Doe. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Vol. 29 (18) pg. 3245-3259. Pirated from Sci-Hub. More Memory Wars False Memory Syndrome debunking.
Packbat. (2021?) Driftself. Retrieved from https://packbat.itch.io/driftself A plural kinetic essay, a venting of complicated feelings about race springing from being both black and white.
Pavilion Hall. (2002-2015). Livejournal Profile Page. Retrieved 2019/03/10 from https://pavilionhall.livejournal.com/profile Livejournal community for an attempted plural coalition activist group uniting multiples, soulbonders, and medians. Their biggest contributions to anything were coining median (which in itself was ripping off Vicki(s)' "midcontinuum", which they seemed mostly interested in stomping on) and the creation of the Layman's Guide to Multiplicity.
Pavilion Hall. (2002-2004). tanuki's prizewinning d3th k01. http://www.tanuki.cx Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tanuki.cx* Original website for the attempted plural coalition group Pavilion Hall. The only place you can find any of the original Codex. I won't try explaining it because I never understood it.
Pavilion Hall. (2004-present). Pavilion: new and improved. Retrieved 2020/08/30 from http://www.karitas.net/pavilion/ See also the Wayback Machine archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20040922023453/http://www.karitas.net/pavilion/ Live source for Pavilion Hall, the attempted plural coalition group.
Phillips, Jane. (1995). The Magic Daughter. New York?: Viking. A memoir about living with MPD, dealing with concerns like learning linear time, cyclothymia, severe food allergies, gender issues, trust, integration, and multiplicity caused by things OTHER than sexual abuse. Not as well known, but quite good!
Phoenix. (2002, December 13). Medians [web page]. http://www.kitsune.cx/~amaliel/median.html Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20021213014352/http://www.kitsune.cx/~amaliel/median.html A median page, helping to popularize the new term.
Plumer, William S. (1860). Mary Reynolds: A case of double consciousness. Harper’s Magazine. Retrieved from https://harpers.org/archive/1860/05/mary-reynolds/ More about Mary Reynolds, the "first" multiple personality. (AKA: the first well-known medical case.)
pluralstories. (2022-present). Pluralstories. Retrieved from https://pluralstories.dreamwidth.org A big catalog of multi media and bodysharing stories. Submit your favorites!
Plures House. (2008-present). Ex Uno Plures. Retrieved from https://www.exunoplures.org/main/ Essays and articles about plurality, including racism in plurality and in-system romantic relationships.
Prince, Morton. (1908). The Dissociation of a Personality: A Biographical Study in Abnormal Psychology. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co. Available on archive.org. Contains the first medical multi autobiography amongst its pages.
Rhymershouse. (2020). Intersections. Retrieved from https://paragraphiti.dreamwidth.org/51832.html A poem about the intersections between plurality and blindness.
The Rings System. (n.d.) Supportive Scientific Research. Retrieved from https://theringssystem.wordpress.com/research/ Personal collection of supportive scientific research of plurality and multiplicity.
Rogo, D. Scott. (1987). The Infinite Boundary: a psychic look at Spirit Possession, Madness, and Multiple Personality. New York: Dodd, Mead. Not recommended, at all, but does have some references to medical multis with in-system sexual relationships (quoting Ralph Allison, who I want to read EVEN LESS) and early American Society of Psychical Research stuff I want.
R.O.S.C.O.E. (2021). Ouroboros: A Plural Zine about why being plural has made it hard to make a plural zine etc. Self-published. Text-only transcript retrieved from https://transcribedcomicszines.dreamwidth.org/1911.html
Rose, Megan. (2022). Spirit Marriage: Intimate Relationships with Otherworldly Beings. Rochester, VT: Bear & Company. Covers spirit marriage from Dagara (Burkina Faso), Shakta Tantra (Nepal), Haitian Vodou, New Orleans Voodoo, and other magical and spiritual traditions, from a spirit marriage practitioner.
San Francisco Examiner Staff. (2007). Jump! Theatre goes ‘Cuckoo’ [news article]. Retrieved from https://www.sfexaminer.com/entertainment/jump-theatre-goes-cuckoo/ A newspaper article where former-multiple Madison Clell mentions having a big internal mythos story that influenced her system workings and became her comic Cuckoo.
Schreiber, Flora Rheta (1973). Sybil. Chicago: Henry Regnery Co. People will never forget this book, so you might as well bite the bullet and read it. Especially since this is the earliest citation I can find for someone using "multiple" as a standalone term to describe us; Sybil herself uses it.
Shaytar. (2000-2006). Stardance: Shaytar’s Space [web page]. http://www.bentspoons.com/Shaytar/ Internet Archive. Retrieved 2020/07/30 from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.bentspoons.com/Shaytar* Website of the multiple who coined "empowered multiplicity" and came to reject the MPD/DID diagnosis.
Sidis, Boris and Simon P. Goodhart (1905). Multiple Personality: An Experimental Investigation into the Nature of Human Individuality. New York: Appleton. Retrieved from https://www.sidis.net/mpchap23c.htm Discusses the case of Alma Z., an early medical multiple who despite co-consciousness seemed to get along well with themselves and were loved by their family. Includes a touching scene of the Almas going to listen to a live music performance together.
Singer, Margaret Thaler, and Janja Lalich. (1996). Crazy Therapies: What Are They? Do They Work? Hoboken: Jossey-Bass. More Memory Wars and False Memory Syndrome stuff, though Margaret Singer was a respectable cult therapist who has a lot of good information about cult behavior.
Smith, Stanley G. (March 1989). “Disorder with Human and Non-human Subpersonality Components,”
Dissociation, Vol. 2, No. 1: p 55-56. Case study of Native American man with nonhuman spiritual plurality. Haven't read yet, but one day...
sobqjmv_sphinx. (2023-present). Plural history tag. Retrieved from https://sobqjmv-sphinx.dreamwidth.org/tag/plural+history What it says on the tin. They corrected some of my bad citations!sobqjmv_sphinx. (2023-present?). Old Plural Websites. Retrieved from https://scrapes-and-bruises.neocities.org/plural A big archive listing a bunch of old plural websites.
Sol System. (2021-present) 3 Dragons and a Dog [website]. Retrieved from https://invisibleotherkin.neocities.org/ Sol System's alterhuman site.
soulbonding. (2002-2004). Soulbonding. http://www.livejournal.com/community/soulbonding Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.livejournal.com/community/soulbonding* First URL for the soulbonding comm on Livejournal.
soulbonding. (2007-2009). A Bonding of Souls. http://community.livejournal.com:80/soulbonding/ Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20090817093541/http://community.livejournal.com:80/soulbonding/ Second URL for the soulbonding comm on Livejournal.
soulbonding. (2011-2018). http://soulbonding.livejournal.com Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://soulbonding.livejournal.com* Third URL for the soulbonding comm on Livejournal.
Speaking for Our Selves. (1986). Speaking for Our Selves, Vol. 1, no. 4. Retrieved from https://www.arttherapy.org/ARCHIVES/Publications/Newsletters/Speaking%20for%20Ourselves%20Vol.%201%20No.%204%201986.06.pdf First MPD newsletter that I know of.
Suryani, Luh Ketut and Jensen, Gordon D. (1993). Trance and Possession in Bali: A Window on Western Multiple Personality, Possession Disorder, and Suicide. New York: Oxford University Press. I bookscanned this motherfucker! Now there's finally a digital copy!
Unknown. (n.d.) A Public Warning: Documentation of "FF7 House" [web page]. Retrieved 2019/04/30 from http://www.demon-sushi.com/warning/index2.html An infamous soulbonding/fictionkin/plural cult based around recreating Final Fantasy 7.
Unknown. (1904, December 3). “Two Men In One: Dr. Sidis Considers the Strange Case of T. C. Hanna as an Instance of Multiple Personality.” New York Times. Retrieved from https://sidis.net/nytime19.jpg An early case where Rev. Hanna, after a head injury, lost memory and function.
Van Duijl, Marjolein; Cardeña, Etzel; and De Jong, Joop T. V. M. (2005). The validity of DSM-IV dissociative disorders categories in south-west Uganda. This was before the DSM 5, about the limitations of DSM-IV diagnostic categories outside the cultural context they were created in. Ask us if you want a copy.
Trujillo, Olga. (2011). The Sum of my Parts: a survivor's tale of dissociative identity disorder. Oakland: New Harbinger Publications. A lesbian DID memoir, pretty good and not as well known.
Veterans [Flatlanders]. (2008-2016). Zensenbuttai [web page]. http://www.zensenbutai.com Internet archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.zensenbutai.com* Most of this site is regretfully lost; only the following two articles remain: The Whitewashing of the Flatlanders (about body-matching and racism in plurality, from 2008) and Inessential, a takedown of the old In Essence pledge. (If you're going, "what's that?" you didn't miss much.)
Vickis [Vicki(s)]. (1997-2005). Welcome to the Wonderful World of the MidContinuum! [web page]. http://www.asarian.org/~vickis Internet Archive. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.asarian.org/~vickis* Vicki(s) coined midcontinuum (which Pavilion made into median) and is also the first place I've seen someone use "plural" as an umbrella term.
Wallace, Wallechinsky, Wallace, and Wallace (1980). "10 PEOPLE WHO WERE 74 PEOPLE" The Book of Lists #2. Bantam. (377-380) Outdated, unsourced, often incorrect pop culture article on multiples of yore. You can read our transcription here: https://lb-lee.dreamwidth.org/873671.html
Yavie. (1997, May 23). SANCTUARYites Home Pages [web page]. http://www.inlink.com/~chack/sanct/sanctuary.html Internet Archive. Retrieved 2020/07/29 from https://web.archive.org/web/19970522111106/http://www.inlink.com/~chack/sanct/sanctuary.html old alt.support.dissociation hang-out.
Yayanos, Meredith. (2018). "The Harpy." Becoming Dangerous: Witchy Femmes, Queer Conjurers, and Magical Rebels. Newburyport: Weiser Books. A personal essay on trauma therapy, memory work, and grief as ritual, and on "the daily reality of living with complex post-traumatic stress disorder and as-of-yet indeterminate dissociative issues".
Young, Kevin. (2017) Bunk: The Rise of Hoaxes, Humbug, Plagiarists, Phonies, Post-Facts, and Fake News. Minneapolis: Graywolf Press. A book about the racial roots of the American hoax, and goes into racist dynamics of medical multiplicity, taking the position that it is a hoax. Painful to read, but he's one of the few people I've seen dig into the racism of medical multiplicity in America.
Zyfron. (2010-2013). Gemini: The Webcomic About Living Plural. Retrieved from https://healthymultiplicity.com/Zyfron/Gemini/ Slice-of-life comic strips about being trans and plural.
Zyfron. (2018). Becoming Median. Retrieved from https://healthymultiplicity.com/Zyfron/Becoming%20Median%20Booklet.pdf A zine about life after becoming singlet, becoming median, and dealing with trauma.
